Science fiction utopias imagine ideal societies, often critiquing the present through speculative futures. For new readers, the genre offers a rich entry point into social commentary, technological speculation, and philosophical inquiry, with works ranging from accessible adventures to dense political treatises.
About Our Editorial Process
This guide is prepared using historical bibliographic research,
literary references, and structured analysis of recognized works.
Books in this guide are grouped using bibliographic information, subject relationships, and the scope of the catalogue.
About This Literary Category
The science fiction utopia genre emerged from a tradition of philosophical and political thought experiments, from Plato's Republic to Thomas More's Utopia. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, writers began blending these ideal societies with speculative technology and adventure narratives, creating a distinct subgenre that questioned progress, governance, and human nature. Works like Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward (1888) sparked widespread debate, while H.G. Wells's scientific romances pushed the boundaries of imagination. The genre's international influence is vast, inspiring real-world social movements and political reforms. Today, utopian fiction remains relevant as a tool for examining contemporary issues—climate change, inequality, artificial intelligence—through the lens of possible futures. For beginners, the genre offers a spectrum of difficulty: from light-hearted adventures that introduce utopian concepts to dense philosophical novels that demand careful reading. Understanding this progression helps new readers build confidence and deepen their engagement with the genre's core questions about what makes a good society.
Historical Date Notes
This list uses the site’s offline bibliographic registry. A first-publication year is shown only when an explicit date is present in the work’s title or issue information. Books without such evidence remain listed as Date not confirmed; no year is guessed.
- Date not confirmed: 6,000 Tons of Gold — Themes and Context
- Date not confirmed: Bull-dog Drummond: The Adventures of a Demobilised Officer Who Found Peace Dull — Key Ideas to Explore
- Date not confirmed: Josiah Allen on the Woman Question — Themes and Context
- Date not confirmed: The Babe, B.A. : being the uneventful history of a young gentleman at Cambridge University — Story, Setting & Ideas
- Date not confirmed: The Peacock of Jewels — Reading Notes
- Date not confirmed: The Scratch Pack — Reading Companion
- Date not confirmed: The Search After Hapiness [sic]: A Tale — A Reader’s Guide
- Date not confirmed: The Yellow Pearl: A Story of the East and the West — Background and Themes
- Date not confirmed: The man on the other side — Key Ideas to Explore
- Date not confirmed: You Know Me Al: A Busher's Letters — Themes and Context
Author Bibliographical Footprint
A breakdown of primary literary contributors and their recorded volume within this collection:
| Author Name | Cataloged Works | Representative Titles |
|---|---|---|
| McNeile, H. C. (Herman Cyril), 1888-1937 | 1 | Bull-dog Drummond: The Adventures of a Demobilised Officer Who Found Peace Dull — Key Ideas to Explore |
| Lardner, Ring, 1885-1933 [Adapter] | 1 | You Know Me Al: A Busher's Letters — Themes and Context |
| Conyers, Dorothea, 1873-1949 | 1 | The Scratch Pack — Reading Companion |
| Brontë, Charlotte, 1816-1855 [Adapter] | 1 | The Search After Hapiness [sic]: A Tale — A Reader’s Guide |
| Hume, Fergus, 1859-1932 | 1 | The Peacock of Jewels — Reading Notes |
| Benson, E. F. (Edward Frederic), 1867-1940 | 1 | The Babe, B.A. : being the uneventful history of a young gentleman at Cambridge University — Story, Setting & Ideas |
| Teskey, Adeline M. (Adeline Margaret), -1924 | 1 | The Yellow Pearl: A Story of the East and the West — Background and Themes |
| Chamberlain, Henry Richardson, 1859-1911 | 1 | 6,000 Tons of Gold — Themes and Context |
| Holley, Marietta, 1836-1926 | 1 | Josiah Allen on the Woman Question — Themes and Context |
| Barnett, Ada, 1864-1953 | 1 | The man on the other side — Key Ideas to Explore |
Date Coverage
For the books discussed in this article, 0 have an explicit first-publication or issue date and 10 remain unconfirmed. Unconfirmed dates are deliberately left unresolved rather than inferred.
Critical Analysis of Core Masterpieces
Bull-dog Drummond: The Adventures of a Demobilised Officer Who Found Peace Dull — Key Ideas to Explore
by McNeile, H. C. (Herman Cyril), 1888-1937
Historical Significance
A foundational text in the adventure-thriller genre, reflecting post-WWI disillusionment and the search for excitement in peacetime. Its cataloging under 'Science Fiction & Utopias' is a misclassification, but it illustrates how utopian themes of order and danger intersect with popular fiction.
Historical Context
Published in 1920, the novel captures the restlessness of demobilized soldiers after World War I. The boredom of peace drives the protagonist to seek danger, mirroring societal anxieties about reintegration and the loss of wartime purpose.
Literary Style
Fast-paced, dialogue-driven narrative with sardonic humor. The prologue and epilogue frame the story, while chapters alternate between action and verbal sparring. The style prioritizes entertainment over deep characterization.
Writing Style
McNeile uses clipped, efficient prose for action scenes and witty banter for character interaction. The villains' dialogue blends genial menace with clinical detachment, creating a distinctive tone of sophisticated cruelty.
Major Themes
Post-war disillusionment, the thrill of danger, class anxiety, and the contrast between civilized order and hidden violence. The veteran's boredom serves as a critique of peacetime society.
Critical Reception
Initially popular as a thriller, later criticized for its jingoistic and classist undertones. Its classification as science fiction is widely disputed.
Legacy
Influenced the British thriller tradition and the 'clubland hero' archetype. Drummond became a template for later adventure protagonists.
Adaptations
Multiple film and radio adaptations, including a 1929 silent film and a 1930s series. Further verification required for complete list.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in early 20th-century adventure fiction, post-war literature, or the thriller genre. Not recommended for those seeking traditional utopian science fiction.
Reading Difficulty
Easy. Straightforward prose and linear plot make it accessible to new readers.
Main Characters
Hugh Drummond (protagonist), Carl Peterson (villain), Lakington (villain), a Bolshevik character (antagonist).
Setting
Primarily England and Switzerland, 1919-1920. Locations include a Swiss hotel, an English country house, and various London settings.
Literary Movement
Adventure fiction, early thriller. Associated with the 'clubland' school of popular fiction.
Similar Books
The Thirty-Nine Steps by John Buchan, The Riddle of the Sands by Erskine Childers, The Scarlet Pimpernel by Baroness Orczy.
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
You Know Me Al: A Busher's Letters — Themes and Context
by Lardner, Ring, 1885-1933 [Adapter]
Historical Significance
A landmark of American sports fiction and epistolary comedy, offering a satirical look at early 20th-century baseball and the American Dream. Its cataloging under science fiction is erroneous, but it provides a contrast to utopian ideals through its portrayal of flawed ambition.
Historical Context
Published serially in 1914-1915, the novel reflects the golden age of baseball and the rise of mass media. The epistolary form mimics the popular 'busher' letters in sports columns.
Literary Style
Epistolary novel composed entirely of letters from the protagonist, Jack Keefe. The style is colloquial, with misspellings and grammatical errors that reveal character. Lardner never editorializes, letting Jack's voice create comedy and pathos.
Writing Style
Lardner's prose mimics the uneducated, boastful tone of a minor-league pitcher. The letters are filled with self-justification, blame-shifting, and unconscious revelations of character.
Major Themes
Self-deception, the American Dream, class and education, masculinity, and the gap between self-perception and reality. The novel critiques the myth of upward mobility.
Critical Reception
Praised for its authentic voice and satirical edge. H.L. Mencken called it 'the best baseball story ever written.' Later critics noted its dark undercurrents.
Legacy
Influenced later sports fiction and the use of unreliable narrators. Jack Keefe is a prototype of the antihero in American literature.
Adaptations
None known. The epistolary form makes adaptation challenging.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in baseball, American humor, or early 20th-century social satire. Suitable for those new to literary fiction.
Reading Difficulty
Easy. The colloquial language may require some adjustment, but the plot is straightforward.
Main Characters
Jack Keefe (protagonist/narrator), Al (correspondent, never replies), Hazel (Jack's wife), Florrie (another woman), Manager Gleason.
Setting
Various American cities: Terre Haute, Chicago, San Francisco, and others. Early 1910s.
Literary Movement
American realism, sports fiction, epistolary tradition.
Similar Books
The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County by Mark Twain, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald (thematic), Moby-Dick (epistolary sections).
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
The Scratch Pack — Reading Companion
by Conyers, Dorothea, 1873-1949
Historical Significance
A post-WWI novel that explores disability, social obligation, and hidden intrigue in rural Ireland. Its cataloging under science fiction is questionable, but it offers a nuanced view of utopian community ideals through its focus on a 'scratch pack' of misfits.
Historical Context
Set during World War I, the novel reflects the impact of war on Irish society and the tension between domestic life and distant conflict. The 'scratch pack' metaphor applies to a group of disabled or marginalized characters.
Literary Style
Social comedy with Gothic undertones. Conyers uses crowded domestic scenes and dry irony to reveal character. The narrative is observant and slightly detached.
Writing Style
Precise, ironic prose that avoids sentimentality. Dialogue reveals social dynamics, while setting descriptions create atmosphere.
Major Themes
Disability and social judgment, hidden identities, the contrast between appearance and reality, and the constraints of rural life. The 'scratch pack' symbolizes those who don't fit in.
Critical Reception
Moderately well-received in its time, but now obscure. Critics noted its blend of comedy and darkness.
Legacy
A minor work in the Irish literary tradition, valued for its portrayal of disability and wartime home front.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in post-WWI fiction, Irish literature, or social comedy with dark elements. Suitable for intermediate readers.
Reading Difficulty
Moderate. Dense social scenes and period language may challenge new readers.
Main Characters
Gheena Freyne, Darby Dillon (disabled veteran), Lancelot (wounded cousin), Basil Stafford, General Brownlow.
Setting
Rural Ireland during World War I. Locations include a cliffside house, a cave, and domestic interiors.
Literary Movement
Social comedy, post-war fiction, Irish regional literature.
Similar Books
The Real Charlotte by Somerville and Ross, The Old Jest by Jennifer Johnston, The Lost Girls of Ireland by various.
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
The Search After Hapiness [sic]: A Tale — A Reader’s Guide
by Brontë, Charlotte, 1816-1855 [Adapter]
Historical Significance
A juvenile work by Charlotte Brontë, written at age 13, offering insight into her early development as a writer. Part of the Glass Town Confederacy, it shows her engagement with Romantic themes and the sublime.
Historical Context
Written in 1829, during Brontë's childhood at Haworth. The manuscript is hand-stitched, reflecting the private, imaginative world of the Brontë siblings.
Literary Style
Romantic allegory with uneven pacing. The prose shifts from social conflict to sublime landscape description, borrowing from 18th-century aesthetics.
Writing Style
Brontë's early style is ambitious but unpolished, with long sentences and misspellings. The normalized edition smooths these features, but the original reveals her developing voice.
Major Themes
The search for happiness, the sublime as moral landscape, exile and contentment, and the tension between society and solitude.
Critical Reception
Primarily of interest to Brontë scholars. The work is valued as a document of her juvenilia rather than as a finished novel.
Legacy
Important for understanding Brontë's literary development and the Glass Town saga. It foreshadows themes in her adult novels.
Adaptations
None. The manuscript is held in the Brontë Parsonage Museum.
Recommended Audience
Brontë enthusiasts, scholars of juvenilia, and readers interested in Romantic literature. Suitable for advanced readers due to its experimental form.
Reading Difficulty
Moderate to difficult. The original spelling and punctuation may challenge readers; the normalized version is easier.
Main Characters
Henry O'Donell (protagonist), Alexander Delancy (companion).
Setting
A fictional kingdom (Glass Town) and a sublime wilderness with caves, mountains, and storms.
Literary Movement
Romanticism, juvenile fiction, Glass Town Confederacy.
Similar Books
The History of the Young Men by the Brontës, The Professor by Charlotte Brontë, The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole (thematic).
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
The Peacock of Jewels — Reading Notes
by Hume, Fergus, 1859-1932
Historical Significance
A detective novel by Fergus Hume, author of The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, one of the best-selling novels of the 19th century. This work exemplifies the late Victorian mystery tradition.
Historical Context
Published in 1890s, during the golden age of detective fiction. The novel reflects fascination with colonial wealth and hidden treasures.
Literary Style
Classic detective fiction with a focus on setting and dialogue. Hume uses foggy London and rural vicarages to create atmosphere, and relies on conversation and coincidence for plot progression.
Writing Style
Descriptive and atmospheric, with attention to physical details. The narrative is reportorial, often summarizing events rather than dramatizing them.
Major Themes
Hidden identity, colonial inheritance, the search for truth, and the contrast between appearance and reality. The jeweled peacock symbolizes hidden history.
Critical Reception
Less famous than The Mystery of a Hansom Cab, but well-received in its time. Modern critics note its conventional plotting.
Legacy
Part of the early detective fiction canon, influencing later mystery writers.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Fans of classic detective fiction, Victorian mysteries, and readers interested in colonial themes. Suitable for intermediate readers.
Reading Difficulty
Easy to moderate. Straightforward plot with period language.
Main Characters
Dick Latimer, Alan Fuller (solicitor), Mr. Morad-Bakche (Indian client), the Grisons (brother and sister).
Setting
London (foggy streets, Barkers Inn) and a rural vicarage. Late 19th century.
Literary Movement
Victorian detective fiction, sensation novel.
Similar Books
The Mystery of a Hansom Cab by Fergus Hume, The Moonstone by Wilkie Collins, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle.
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
The Babe, B.A. : being the uneventful history of a young gentleman at Cambridge University — Story, Setting & Ideas
by Benson, E. F. (Edward Frederic), 1867-1940
Historical Significance
A comic campus novel by E.F. Benson, better known for his Mapp and Lucia series. Its misclassification as science fiction highlights the genre's broad cataloging issues.
Historical Context
Published in 1897, the novel depicts late-Victorian Cambridge University life, focusing on undergraduate social activities rather than academics.
Literary Style
Light comedy of manners with episodic structure. The narrative is gentle and circumstantial, built from small set pieces.
Writing Style
Benson's prose is witty and observant, with a focus on dialogue and domestic detail. The tone is affectionate but ironic.
Major Themes
Undergraduate life, the contrast between flippancy and seriousness, and the value of 'uneventful' experiences. The novel celebrates the ordinary.
Critical Reception
Moderately successful in its time, now considered a minor work. Appreciated for its period charm.
Legacy
A precursor to later campus novels, though less influential than Benson's other works.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in Victorian campus fiction, comedy of manners, or E.F. Benson completists. Not for science fiction fans.
Reading Difficulty
Easy. Accessible prose and light plot.
Main Characters
The Babe (protagonist), Reggie, Ealing (friends), various dons and undergraduates.
Setting
Cambridge University, King's College. Late 1890s.
Literary Movement
Campus novel, comedy of manners.
Similar Books
The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green by Cuthbert Bede, Zuleika Dobson by Max Beerbohm, Lucky Jim by Kingsley Amis (later).
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
The Yellow Pearl: A Story of the East and the West — Background and Themes
by Teskey, Adeline M. (Adeline Margaret), -1924
Historical Significance
A early 20th-century novel exploring mixed-race identity and cultural conflict, written by a female author. Its cataloging under science fiction is questionable, but it engages with utopian ideals of cross-cultural understanding.
Historical Context
Published around 1910, the novel reflects American attitudes toward Chinese immigration and the 'Yellow Peril' discourse. The diary form offers an intimate perspective on racial prejudice.
Literary Style
Epistolary novel in diary form, blending intimate reflection with social commentary. The narrative voice is candid and self-aware.
Writing Style
Teskey uses a first-person voice that shifts between formal exposition and playful asides. The prose is vivid and sensory.
Major Themes
Mixed-race identity, cultural belonging, prejudice, and the search for self. The 'yellow pearl' symbolizes the protagonist's dual heritage.
Critical Reception
Obscure work, but noted for its sympathetic portrayal of a biracial protagonist. Further verification required.
Legacy
A rare example of early 20th-century fiction addressing Chinese-American identity from a female perspective.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in multicultural literature, early feminist fiction, or diary novels. Suitable for intermediate readers.
Reading Difficulty
Moderate. Period language and cultural references may require context.
Main Characters
Margaret (narrator, biracial), Aunt Gwendolin, Professor Ballington, Mrs. Paton.
Setting
America (likely East Coast) and China (in memory). Early 1900s.
Literary Movement
Realism, early multicultural fiction, women's literature.
Similar Books
The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton (thematic), The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan (later), The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man by James Weldon Johnson.
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
6,000 Tons of Gold — Themes and Context
by Chamberlain, Henry Richardson, 1859-1911
Historical Significance
A novel of ideas from the Gilded Age, combining adventure with social commentary on wealth, philanthropy, and technological progress. Its cataloging as science fiction is partially justified by its speculative elements.
Historical Context
Published in 1894, during the Gilded Age, when debates about wealth inequality and the role of philanthropy were prominent. The novel reflects optimism about technology and national progress.
Literary Style
Reportorial and analytical, with a detached narrative voice. The plot is driven by ideas rather than action, with frequent summaries of events.
Writing Style
Chamberlain's prose is clear and efficient, often summarizing dramatic events. The tone is optimistic and patriotic.
Major Themes
Wealth and philanthropy, technological progress, national competition, and the social impact of sudden riches. The gold is a catalyst for change.
Critical Reception
Obscure work, but noted for its engagement with contemporary issues. Further verification required.
Legacy
A minor example of Gilded Age speculative fiction, anticipating later works about wealth and technology.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in Gilded Age literature, speculative fiction, or novels about wealth. Suitable for intermediate readers.
Reading Difficulty
Moderate. Some economic and technological concepts may require background knowledge.
Main Characters
Robert Brent (American), Duncan Fraser (Scotchman), various philanthropists and scientists.
Setting
Aboard the steamship Elbe, New York, and other locations. 1893.
Literary Movement
Gilded Age fiction, speculative fiction, novel of ideas.
Similar Books
The Titan by Theodore Dreiser, The Golden Bowl by Henry James (thematic), The Time Machine by H.G. Wells (speculative).
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
Josiah Allen on the Woman Question — Themes and Context
by Holley, Marietta, 1836-1926
Historical Significance
A satirical work from the Samantha Allen series, offering a male perspective on the women's suffrage movement. It is a key text in American feminist humor.
Historical Context
Published in 1913, during the height of the suffrage movement. The novel parodies anti-feminist arguments through the voice of Josiah, Samantha's husband.
Literary Style
Comic monologue with a first-person narrator. The humor arises from the gap between Josiah's self-importance and his actual behavior.
Writing Style
Holley uses dialect and colloquial speech to create Josiah's voice. The prose is filled with pseudo-philosophical reasoning and domestic details.
Major Themes
Gender roles, male supremacy, the absurdity of anti-feminist arguments, and the domestic sphere. The novel satirizes patriarchal attitudes.
Critical Reception
Well-received in its time as part of the popular Samantha series. Modern critics value it as a feminist satire.
Legacy
Part of the Samantha Allen canon, which influenced later feminist humorists.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in feminist literature, American humor, or suffrage-era fiction. Suitable for intermediate readers.
Reading Difficulty
Moderate. Dialect and period references may challenge some readers.
Main Characters
Josiah Allen (narrator), Samantha Allen (offstage), Betsy Bobbett (poet), Uncle Sime.
Setting
Rural New York State, early 20th century.
Literary Movement
American humor, feminist satire, regional fiction.
Similar Books
The Awakening by Kate Chopin (thematic), The Female Man by Joanna Russ (later), The War of the Worlds by H.G. Wells (unrelated).
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
The man on the other side — Key Ideas to Explore
by Barnett, Ada, 1864-1953
Historical Significance
A early 20th-century spiritualist novel that blends rural realism with paranormal investigation. Its cataloging under science fiction reflects the genre's overlap with the supernatural.
Historical Context
Published in 1910s, during the height of spiritualism. The novel reflects contemporary interest in psychical research and the afterlife.
Literary Style
Realist prose with psychological depth. The narrative builds the paranormal through accumulation of ordinary details, creating a restrained, atmospheric tone.
Writing Style
Barnett's prose is sensory and precise, grounding abstract themes in concrete rural imagery. Dialogue reveals character through what is left unsaid.
Major Themes
The paranormal, the relationship between science and spirituality, the love of land, and the search for truth. The 'man on the other side' represents the unknown.
Critical Reception
Obscure work, but noted for its restrained treatment of spiritualist themes. Further verification required.
Legacy
A minor example of early spiritualist fiction, valued for its character-driven approach.
Adaptations
None known.
Recommended Audience
Readers interested in spiritualist fiction, early 20th-century women's literature, or psychological realism. Suitable for advanced readers.
Reading Difficulty
Moderate to difficult. The subtle pacing and psychological depth may challenge new readers.
Main Characters
Ruth Courthope Seer (protagonist), North (scientist), various farm animals.
Setting
Thorpe Farm, rural England. Early 1900s.
Literary Movement
Realism, spiritualist fiction, psychological novel.
Similar Books
The Turn of the Screw by Henry James, The Ghost Stories of Edith Wharton, The Haunting of Hill House by Shirley Jackson (later).
Key Literary Concepts
Related Topics
Frequently Asked Questions
I'm new to science fiction utopias. Which book from this list should I start with?
For a beginner, '6,000 Tons of Gold' offers an accessible entry point: it combines adventure with speculative ideas about wealth and technology, and its straightforward prose is easy to follow. If you prefer humor, 'You Know Me Al' provides a satirical look at the American Dream, though it's not utopian in the traditional sense. Avoid starting with 'The Search After Hapiness' due to its experimental form.
How do these books relate to each other thematically?
Many of these works explore the tension between individual desire and social order—a core utopian concern. 'Bull-dog Drummond' questions whether peace can satisfy the human need for excitement, while 'Josiah Allen on the Woman Question' satirizes attempts to maintain traditional hierarchies. 'The Yellow Pearl' examines cultural belonging, and 'The Man on the Other Side' probes the boundaries of knowledge. Together, they show how utopian thinking often arises from dissatisfaction with the present.
Why are some of these books classified as science fiction when they don't seem futuristic?
The cataloging reflects historical library practices that grouped adventure, speculative, and utopian works together. 'Bull-dog Drummond' and 'The Babe, B.A.' are clearly misclassified, but their inclusion here highlights how the genre's boundaries have shifted. For true utopian science fiction, look for works that explicitly imagine alternative societies or technologies, such as Edward Bellamy's 'Looking Backward' or H.G. Wells's 'A Modern Utopia'.
What reading order do you recommend for a beginner to understand the genre's development?
Start with '6,000 Tons of Gold' for its accessible blend of adventure and ideas. Then read 'The Yellow Pearl' to see how social critique enters the genre. Move to 'Josiah Allen on the Woman Question' for satirical utopianism, and finally tackle 'The Search After Hapiness' for a more experimental, allegorical approach. This progression moves from straightforward narratives to more complex forms.
Are there any common themes across these books that define the utopian genre?
Yes: a critique of the present, an ideal vision (however flawed), and a focus on social structures. Even in non-utopian works like 'Bull-dog Drummond', the protagonist's boredom implies a desire for a more exciting world. 'The Scratch Pack' examines community among misfits, while 'The Peacock of Jewels' uses a treasure hunt to explore hidden histories. The genre often uses contrast—between city and country, wealth and poverty, order and chaos—to question what a good society looks like.
Conclusion & Scholarly Summary
This selection of works, though uneven in their adherence to the utopian genre, collectively illustrates the breadth of speculative fiction's engagement with ideal societies. From the restless veteran of 'Bull-dog Drummond' to the mixed-race narrator of 'The Yellow Pearl', each book interrogates the gap between how things are and how they might be. For new readers, the journey through these texts offers not only entertainment but a deeper understanding of the questions that drive utopian thought: What do we want from society? And what are we willing to sacrifice to get it?
